4.6 Article

Boosting the pseudocapacitance of nitrogen-rich carbon nanorod arrays for electrochemical capacitors

Journal

JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 7, Issue 19, Pages 12086-12094

Publisher

ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9ta01973a

Keywords

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Funding

  1. National Natural Science Foundation of China [21673035, 51804066]
  2. Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [N170503008]
  3. China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2018M630294]

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Nitrogen-doped carbons possess the merits of carbon and the unique functionalities of N-moieties, leading to vast interest for energy storage. They are generally synthesized by the pyrolysis of N-rich polymers, which however requires relatively high temperature and causes the loss of N. The pseudocapacitive contribution from N-moieties is thus limited. Here, a low-temperature pyrolysis approach is demonstrated to prepare N-rich carbon nanorod arrays. The decomposition of (NH4)(2)SO4 releases ammonia and allows the incorporation of N with the oxygen functional groups in polyaniline chains. The loss of N-moieties is effectively prevented at the low-temperature condition (350 degrees C), resulting in a high N-content of approximate to 21.86%. A highly conductive 3D graphite substrate is used to further enhance the charge transfer kinetics. The optimized electrode provides an excellent gravimetric capacitance (776 F g(-1) at 1 A g(-1)), a good rate capability and a long cycle life. The low-temperature strategy demonstrated here could also be used to fabricate other doped carbon materials with high heteroatom content. Comparing with the commonly used high-temperature pyrolysis method, this efficient low-temperature strategy provides more feasibility for large-scale applications.

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