Journal
JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE
Volume 98, Issue 2, Pages 618-627Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.8506
Keywords
beer chemometry; robotic pourer; multivariate data analysis; artificial neural networks; beer fermentation
Funding
- Australian Government through the Australian Research Council [IH120100053]
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BACKGROUNDBeer quality is mainly defined by its colour, foamability and foam stability, which are influenced by the chemical composition of the product such as proteins, carbohydrates, pH and alcohol. Traditional methods to assess specific chemical compounds are usually time-consuming and costly. This study used rapid methods to evaluate 15 foam and colour-related parameters using a robotic pourer (RoboBEER) and chemical fingerprinting using near infrared spectroscopy (NIR) from six replicates of 21 beers from three types of fermentation. Results from NIR were used to create partial least squares regression (PLS) and artificial neural networks (ANN) models to predict four chemometrics such as pH, alcohol, Brix and maximum volume of foam. RESULTSThe ANN method was able to create more accurate models (R-2=0.95) compared to PLS. Principal components analysis using RoboBEER parameters and NIR overtones related to protein explained 67% of total data variability. Additionally, a sub-space discriminant model using the absorbance values from NIR wavelengths resulted in the successful classification of 85% of beers according to fermentation type. CONCLUSIONThe method proposed showed to be a rapid system based on NIR spectroscopy and RoboBEER outputs of foamability that can be used to infer the quality, production method and chemical parameters of beer with minimal laboratory equipment. (c) 2017 Society of Chemical Industry
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