Journal
NEW JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY
Volume 43, Issue 28, Pages 11275-11281Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9nj02810b
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Funding
- research council of Shiraz University
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A green and eco-friendly solvent/catalyst system based on a deep eutectic solvent (DES) was devised and developed for the simple synthesis of carbamates through three-component coupling of amines, alkyl halides and carbon dioxide (CO2). It was found that choline chloride:zinc(ii) chloride ([ChCl][ZnCl2](2)) was very proficient and effective for the activation and utilization of CO2 in carbamate formation reactions from a wide scope of amines. Surprisingly, this strategy provides the desired carbamates under atmospheric CO2 pressure at room temperature. In particular, both aromatic and aliphatic amines were effective and demonstrated excellent yields. Besides, the [ChCl][ZnCl2](2) exhibited very high stability and also could be reused for at least five consecutive cycles without any significant loss of activity. It is worth noting that this is the first solvent/catalyst system which can be recycled successfully from the reaction mixture.
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