Journal
JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN COLLEGE OF CARDIOLOGY
Volume 70, Issue 20, Pages 2476-2486Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.jacc.2017.08.074
Keywords
ejection fraction; heart failure; outcomes; survival
Categories
Funding
- Medtronic
- GlaxoSmithKline
- Ortho-McNeil
- AHA Pharmaceutical Roundtable
- Amarin
- Amgen
- AstraZeneca
- Bristol-Myers Squibb
- Chiesi
- Eisai
- Ethicon
- Forest Laboratories
- Ironwood
- Ischemix
- Lilly
- Pfizer
- Roche
- Sanofi
- Medicines Company
- Janssen
- Novartis
- Portola
- AHA
- National Institutes of Health
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BACKGROUND Patients with heart failure (HF) have a poor prognosis and are categorized by ejection fraction (EF). OBJECTIVES This study sought to characterize differences in outcomes in patients hospitalized with heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF) (EF >= 50%), heart failure with borderline ejection fraction (HFbEF) (EF 41% to 49%), and heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF) (EF <= 40%). METHODS Data from GWTG-HF (Get With The Guidelines-Heart Failure) were linked to Medicare data for longitudinal follow-up. Multivariable models were constructed to examine 5-year outcomes and to compare survival to median survival of the U.S. population. RESULTS A total of 39,982 patients from 254 hospitals who were admitted for HF between 2005 and 2009 were included: 18,299 (46%) had HFpEF, 3,285 (8.2%) had HFbEF, and 18,398 (46%) had HFrEF. Overall, median survival was 2.1 years. In risk-adjusted survival analysis, all 3 groups had similar 5-year mortality (HFrEF 75.3% vs. HFpEF 75.7%; hazard ratio: 0.99 [95% confidence interval: 0.958 to 1.022]; HFbEF 75.7% vs. HFpEF 75.7%; hazard ratio: 0.99 [95% confidence interval: 0.947 to 1.046]). In risk-adjusted analyses, the composite of mortality and rehospitalization was similar for all subgroups. Cardiovascular and HF readmission rates were higher in those with HFrEF and HFbEF compared with those with HFpEF. When compared with the U.S. population, HF patients across all age and EF groups had markedly lower median survival. CONCLUSIONS Among patients hospitalized with HF, patients across the EF spectrum have a similarly poor 5-year survival with an elevated risk for cardiovascular and HF admission. These findings underscore the need to improve treatment of patients with HF. (C) 2017 by the American College of Cardiology Foundation.
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