Journal
CURRENT ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH REPORTS
Volume 6, Issue 3, Pages 105-115Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1007/s40572-019-00235-7
Keywords
Air pollution; Mortality; Hospital admissions; Fine particles; PM2.5; Low levels; Concentration-response
Categories
Funding
- National Institutes of Health NIH/NIEHS [P30 ES000002, P30 ES009089, R01 ES024332]
- HEI grant [4953RFA14-3/16-4]
- United States Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) [CR-83467701]
- certain motor vehicle and engine manufacturers
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Purpose of ReviewFine particle (PM2.5) levels have been decreasing in the USA over the past decades. Our goal was to assess the current literature to characterize the association between PM2.5 and adverse health at low exposure levels.Recent FindingsWe reviewed 26 papers that examined the association between short- and long-term exposure to PM2.5 and cardio-respiratory morbidity and mortality. There is evidence suggesting that these associations are stronger at lower levels. However, there are certain methodological and interpretational limitations specific to studies of low PM2.5 levels, and further methodological development is warranted.SummaryThere is strong agreement across studies that air pollution effects on adverse health are still observable at low concentrations, even well below current US standards. These findings suggest that US standards need to be reevaluated, given that further improving air quality has the potential of benefiting public health.
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