Journal
JOURNAL OF SCIENCE AND MEDICINE IN SPORT
Volume 20, Issue 6, Pages 583-589Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2016.11.003
Keywords
Motor activity; Sedentary behavior; Academic performance; Cognition; Pediatrics
Categories
Funding
- Jenny and Antti Wihuri Foundation
- Sinikka and Sakari Sohlberg Foundation
- Ministry of Social Affairs and Health of Finland
- Ministry of Education and Culture of Finland
- Finnish Innovation Fund Sitra
- Social Insurance Institution of Finland
- Finnish Cultural Foundation
- Juho Vainio Foundation
- Yrjo Jahnsson Foundation
- Foundation for Paediatric Research
- Paavo Nurmi Foundation
- Paulo Foundation
- Diabetes Research Foundation, city of Kuopio
- Kuopio University Hospital (EVO) [5031343]
- Research Committee of the Kuopio University Hospital Catchment Area (the State Research Funding)
- UK Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12015/3]
- MRC [MC_UU_12015/3] Funding Source: UKRI
- Medical Research Council [MC_UU_12015/3] Funding Source: researchfish
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Objectives: To investigate the independent and combined associations of objectively measured moderate to-vigorous physical activity (MVPA) and sedentary time (ST) with reading and arithmetic skills. Design: Cross-sectional/prospective. Methods: Participants were 89 boys and 69 girls aged 6-8 years. MVPA and ST were measured using a combined heart rate and movement sensor and body fat percentage by dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry in Grade 1. Reading fluency, reading comprehension, and arithmetic skills were assessed using standardized tests in Grades 1-3. The data were analyzed using linear regression analyses and analyses of covariance with repeated measures. Results: In boys, MVPA was directly and ST inversely associated with reading fluency in Grades 1-3 and arithmetic skills in Grade 1 (P < 0.05). Higher levels of MVPA were also related to better reading comprehension in Grade I (P < 0.05). Most of the associations of MVPA and ST with reading and arithmetic skills attenuated after mutual adjustment for MVPA or ST. Furthermore, boys with a combination of lower levels of MVPA and higher levels of ST had consistently poorer reading fluency (P = 0.002) and reading comprehension (P = 0.027) across Grades 1-3 than other boys. In girls, ST was directly associated with arithmetic skills in Grade 2 (P < 0.05). However, this relationship of ST with arithmetic skills was no longer significant after adjustment for body fat percentage. Conclusions: Lower levels of MVPA and higher levels of ST and particularly their combination were related to poorer reading skills in boys. In girls, higher levels of ST were related to better arithmetic skills. (C) 2016 Sports Medicine Australia. Published by Elsevier Ltd.
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