Journal
AIDS
Volume 29, Issue 6, Pages 713-721Publisher
LIPPINCOTT WILLIAMS & WILKINS
DOI: 10.1097/QAD.0000000000000561
Keywords
dementia; epidemiology; HIV; HIV-associated neurocognitive disorder
Categories
Funding
- National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)
- National Cancer Institute (NCI)
- National Heart, Lung, and Blood Institute (N.H.L.B.I.)
- National Institute on Deafness and Communication Disorders (N.I.D.C.D.)
- JHU CTSA [UL1-TR000424]
- NIH [AG034852, MH098745]
- [AI35042]
- [AI35039]
- [AI35040]
- [AI35041]
- [AI35043]
- [TR000424]
Ask authors/readers for more resources
Objective: The longitudinal trajectories that individuals may take from a state of normal cognition to HIV-associated dementia are unknown. We applied a novel statistical methodology to identify trajectories to cognitive impairment, and factors that affected the 'closeness' of an individual to one of the canonical trajectories. Design: The Multicenter AIDS Cohort Study (MACS) is a four-site longitudinal study of the natural and treated history of HIV disease among gay and bisexual men. Methods: Using data from 3892 men (both HIV-infected and HIV-uninfected) enrolled in the neuropsychology substudy of the MACS, a Mixed Membership Trajectory Model (MMTM) was applied to capture the pathways from normal cognitive function to mild impairment to severe impairment. MMTMs allow the data to identify canonical pathways and to model the effects of risk factors on an individual's 'closeness' to these trajectories. Results: First, we identified three distinct trajectories to cognitive impairment: 'normal aging' (low probability of mild impairment until age 60); 'premature aging' (mild impairment starting at age 45-50); and 'unhealthy' (mild impairment in 20s and 30s) profiles. Second, clinically defined AIDS, and not simply HIV disease, was associated with closeness to the premature aging trajectory, and, third, hepatitis-C infection, depression, race, recruitment cohort and confounding conditions all affected individual's closeness to these trajectories. Conclusion: These results provide new insight into the natural history of cognitive dysfunction in HIV disease and provide evidence for a potential difference in the pathophysiology of the development of cognitive impairment based on trajectories to impairment. (C) 2015 Wolters Kluwer Health, Inc. All rights reserved.
Authors
I am an author on this paper
Click your name to claim this paper and add it to your profile.
Reviews
Recommended
No Data Available