Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW D
Volume 100, Issue 5, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.100.056011
Keywords
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Funding
- FAPESP [2017/06508-7, 2017/05685-2]
- CNPQ [301996/2014-8]
- CAPES
- project INCT-FNA [464898/2014-5]
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Using field theory techniques we analyze the perfect fluid limit, defined as fastest possible local equilibration, in a medium with polarizability, defined as a nonzero local equilibrium partition of angular momentum into spin and vorticity. We show that to restore causality a relaxation term linking vorticity and polarization, analogous to the Israel-Stewart term linking viscous forces and gradients, is required. This term provides the minimum amount of dissipation a locally thermalized relativistic medium with polarizability must have, independently of its underlying degrees of freedom. For materials susceptible to spin alignment an infrared acausal mode remains, which we interpret as a Banks-Casher mode signaling spontaneous transition to a polarized phase. With these ingredients, we propose a candidate for a fully causal Lagrangian of a relativistic polarizable system near the perfect fluid limit, and close with some phenomenological considerations.
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