Journal
JOURNAL OF REPRODUCTIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 121, Issue -, Pages 35-41Publisher
ELSEVIER IRELAND LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.jri.2017.05.003
Keywords
Preterm labor; DNA methylation; Toll-like receptors; Decidua; Macrophages; Neutrophils
Categories
Funding
- NHLBI [R01 HL069851]
- NCMHD [P60 MD002256]
- NIDCR [R01 DE022836]
- [R01 HD073555]
- [R03 DE025037]
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The cause of spontaneous preterm labor (sPTL) is not known, but it could be due to epigenetic alterations that increase the sensitivity of decidual tissue to inflammatory stimuli. We collected decidual tissue from women at term not in labor (TNL), women at term in labor (TL), and women with sPTL. Illumina Infinium HumanMethylation450 BeadChip analysis revealed significantly reduced DNA methylation for TLR-2 and TLR-9 in sPTL as compared to TL. Immunohistochemical staining documented significantly increased expression of TLR-2 and TLR-9 in decidual tissue of women with sPTL as compared to TL or TNL. TLR expression was not present in decidual cells, but localized to tissue leukocytes as revealed by staining for CD14, a macrophage antigen, and neutrophil elastase. Microarray analysis of inflammatory genes to assess innate immune response demonstrated marked increases in expression of inflammatory cytokines and chemokines in women with TL as compared to TNL. However, when sPTL was compared to TL, there was a further increase in inflammatory cytokines, and a remarkable increase in neutrophil chemokines. These results suggest that epigenetic mechanisms could play a role in increasing leukocyte infiltration, and increasing the sensitivity of decidual tissue to inflammatory stimuli that could precipitate labor prematurely.
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