Journal
JOURNAL OF POWER SOURCES
Volume 346, Issue -, Pages 89-96Publisher
ELSEVIER
DOI: 10.1016/j.jpowsour.2017.02.013
Keywords
Lithium ion battery; High-voltage spinel; Lithium nickel manganese oxide; Silicon doping; Cycling stability; Morphology control
Funding
- BMW Group (Munich, Germany)
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Well-crystallized, microspherical LiNi0.5Mn1.5-nSinO4 (0.05 < n < 0.2) is successfully synthesized by a template directed approach in combination with the partial substitution of manganese by silicon. Structural and electrochemical characteristics are investigated through FE-SEM, XRD, EDX, cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge/discharge testing. Spherical shape and incorporation of silicon into the crystal leads to higher proportion of the disordered Fd-3m phase, and electrochemical performance is significantly improved. High capacity retention of 99.4% after 100 cycles at 1 C rate for LiNi0.5Mn1.45Si0.05O4 microspheres is achieved, which is superior compared to 93.1% capacity retention of the pristine LiNi0.5Mn1.5O4 microspheres. Since the Si-O bond exhibits higher dissociation energy compared to the dissociation energies of the Mn-O or Ni-O bonds, the excellent electrochemical performance might be associated with an increased structural and chemical stability caused by incorporation of silicon into the oxygen rich crystal lattice. (C) 2017 Elsevier B.V. All rights reserved.
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