Journal
JOURNAL OF PLANT NUTRITION AND SOIL SCIENCE
Volume 180, Issue 3, Pages 316-325Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/jpln.201600312
Keywords
carbohydrates; nitrogen deficiency; nitrogen use efficiency; Triticum aestivum
Categories
Funding
- Virginia Small Grains Board
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Increased application of nitrogen fertilizers has significantly raised grain yield and protein concentration in wheat. However, only 30-50% of applied fertilizer nitrogen are usually utilized by the plant. In this study, four soft red winter wheat genotypes (Triticum aestivum L., IL07-4415, MD05W10208-11-8, OH06-150-57 and Sisson) were grown under three different nitrogen regimes (high, medium, and low) in a greenhouse, and grain yield, grain protein concentration, nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) and their associated traits were evaluated. Among the four genotypes, a high-yielding cultivar, Sisson, exhibited superior performance in terms of grain weight plant(-1) and NUE for yield (NUEY) at low nitrogen due to maintained grain number spike(-1) and harvest index. Significant yield losses due to nitrogen limitation were attributable to reduced spike number plant(-1) and grain number spike(-1) in the other genotypes. Interestingly, a linear relationship between NUEY and NUE for grain protein (NUEP) was detected at high (R-2 = 0.67) and low (R-2= 0.42) nitrogen; both of these traits were positively correlated with grain number spike(-1), 1000-seed weight, and harvest index under nitrogen-limited conditions (R-2 = 0.35-0.48). These results suggest that simultaneous improvement of NUEY and NUEP could be achieved through the selection of the three yield components (grain number spike(-1), 1000-seed weight, and harvest index) at low nitrogen.
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