Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYSICS D-APPLIED PHYSICS
Volume 50, Issue 9, Pages -Publisher
IOP PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1088/1361-6463/aa5625
Keywords
W-H plot; grain boundary defects; GZO film; saturable absorption; self-defocusing mechanism
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Funding
- UGC
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In the present study, the nonlinear optical properties of sol-gel spin coated gallium doped zinc oxide (GZO) thin solid films are explored with nanosecond laser pulses using the z-scan technique. The higher doping ratios of Ga result in a large redshift of the energy gap (0.38 eV) due to the existence of enhanced grain boundary defects in GZO films. A positive nonlinear absorption coefficient is observed in undoped 1 at. wt.% GZO and 2 at. wt.% GZO films, and a negative nonlinear absorption coefficient in 3 at. wt.% GZO film. Fewer defects in undoped 1% GZO and 2% GZO films resulted in reverse saturable absorption ( RSA), whereas a saturable absorption ( SA) mechanism is observed in 3% GZO films and is attributed to the enhanced defect concentration in the band structure of GZO. However, all the films showed a selfdefocusing mechanism, derived by a closed aperture z-scan technique. The present work sheds light on the defect mechanism involved in the observed nonlinear properties of GZO films.
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