Journal
JOURNAL OF PEASANT STUDIES
Volume 46, Issue 7, Pages 1368-1388Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/03066150.2018.1503173
Keywords
Commodity frontiers; tar capitalism; swidden cultivation; world-ecology; debt; forest commons
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This article theorises about the ways in which commodity frontiers replace forest commons. New insights are offered into the role of debt, enclosures, the death of human and extra-human natures, and the role of the state in historical processes through an analysis of historical material and recent scholarship on eastern Finland's role in global capitalist expansion in the nineteenth century. The article contributes to the general study of commons and the expansion of capitalist world-ecology. We discuss how swidden commons were more sustainable than generally assumed. The article provides an original theoretical framework for studying world-ecological transformations. We argue that a study of debt, death and dispossession - which we call the three work-horses of tar capitalism - can shed new light on the expansion of commodity frontiers.
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