Journal
JOURNAL OF PHYCOLOGY
Volume 53, Issue 5, Pages 951-960Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jpy.12576
Keywords
Atlantic Ocean; Cliona; Pacific Ocean; Porifera; Symbiodinium; systematics
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Funding
- USA National Science Foundation [IOS-1258058, OCE-1636022, OCE-1617255]
- Penn State University
- AIMS@JCU PhD Scholarship
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1555440] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1258058] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Dinoflagellates in the genus Symbiodinium associate with a broad array of metazoan and protistian hosts. Symbiodinium-based symbioses involving bioeroding sponge hosts have received less attention than those involving popular scleractinian hosts. Certain species of common Cliona harbor high densities of an ecologically restricted group of Symbiodinium, referred to as Clade G. Clade G Symbiodinium are also known to form stable and functionally important associations with Foraminifera and black corals (Antipatharia) Analyses of genetic evidence indicate that Clade G likely comprises several distinct species. Here, we use nucleotide sequence data in combination with ecological and geographic attributes to formally describe Symbiodinium endoclionum sp. nov. obtained from the Pacific boring sponge Cliona orientalis and Symbiodinium spongiolum sp. nov. from the congeneric western Atlantic sponge Cliona varians. These species appear to be part of an adaptive radiation comprising lineages of Clade G specialized to the metazoan phyla Porifera and Cnidaria, which began prior to the separation of the Pacific and Atlantic Oceans.
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