Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 7, Issue 39, Pages 22265-22273Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9ta09799f
Keywords
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Funding
- Ministry of Science and Technology of China [2016YFA0200700]
- NSFC [21704082, 21875182, 21534003]
- China Postdoctoral Science Foundation [2017M623162]
- 111 Project 2.0 [BP2018008]
- Office of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, of the U.S. Department of Energy [DE-AC0205CH11231]
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Regulating molecular ordering and nanoscale morphology of photoactive layer is crucial to achieve high carrier mobility for fabricating thick-film organic solar cells (OSCs). Herein, molecular ordering and phase separation were finely controlled by varying the substrate temperature in blade-coated PM6:IT-4F devices. The blade-coated devices with low substrate temperature (30 degrees C) show low crystallinity of IT-4F and poor device performance. However, a high power conversion efficiency (PCE) of 13.64% was achieved for the device blade-coated at 50 degrees C in air without any other processing treatments, due to the well-ordered molecular packing along the backbone direction of IT-4F molecules. When the film thickness increased to 400 nm, an excellent PCE of 10.22% was achieved in the device blade-coated at 70 degrees C, which is higher than that of the optimal device blade-coated at 50 degrees C. This was attributed to the much improved crystallinity within the long-range ordered side-chain packing of IT-4F molecules and the newly emerged small-scale phase separation providing purer domains and continuous charge transport channels. Furthermore, large-area (90 mm(2)) devices exhibit high PCEs of 11.39% and 9.76% with a 56 mm(2) aperture at film thicknesses of 135 nm and 306 nm, respectively. In addition, the device blade-coated at 70 degrees C exhibits good storage stability. This work provides comprehensive guidance for optimizing the molecular ordering and nanoscale morphology to fabricate high-efficiency thick-film OSCs.
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