Artificial two-dimensional polar metal by charge transfer to a ferroelectric insulator

Integrating multiple properties in a single system is crucial for the continuous developments in electronic devices. However, some physical properties are mutually exclusive in nature. Here, we report the coexistence of two seemingly mutually exclusive properties-polarity and two-dimensional conductivity-in ferroelectric Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 thin films at the LaAlO3/Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 interface at room temperature. The polarity of a similar to 3.2 nm Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 thin film is preserved with a two-dimensional mobile carrier density of similar to 0.05 electron per unit cell. We show that the electronic reconstruction resulting from the competition between the built-in electric field of LaAlO3 and the polarization of Ba0.2Sr0.8TiO3 is responsible for this unusual two-dimensional conducting polar phase. The general concept of exploiting mutually exclusive properties at oxide interfaces via electronic reconstruction may be applicable to other strongly-correlated oxide interfaces, thus opening windows to new functional nanoscale materials for applications in novel nanoelectronics.