Sustainable Polyimidazolium Networks as Versatile Hydrogel Materials

This paper discusses the formation and properties of sustainable polyelectrolyte networks. The networks are formed from renewable precursors in a simple and green approach and feature a high density of positive charges in the main chain of the polymer backbone. Furthermore, zwitterionic systems with positive charges in the main chain and carboxylate side groups are presented. Depending on the cross-linking density and nature of the polyelectrolyte, flexible elastic or brittle networks are available which may form hydrogels upon absorption of up to 1500% water respective to their own mass. Reversible swelling in contact with different solvents furthermore envisions possible applications as smart material or selective membrane.