Journal
JOURNAL OF MOLECULAR NEUROSCIENCE
Volume 63, Issue 1, Pages 36-49Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1007/s12031-017-0955-4
Keywords
6-OHDA; Neuroinflammation; Parkinson's disease; Treadmill exercise; Prevention
Categories
Funding
- Sao Paulo Research Foundation (FAPESP, Brazil)
- Coordination for the Improvement of Higher Education Personnel (CAPES, Brazil)
- Research Center on Applied Neuroscience (NAPNA, Brazil)
- National Council for Scientific and Technological Development (CNPq, Brazil)
- FAPESP [2008/58716-3]
- CAPES
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Parkinson's disease (PD) involves loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra (SN), which can be correlated to neuroinflammatory changes with the aging of the nervous system. On the other hand, exercise can reduce the deleterious effects promoted by age, but the mechanism involved is still unclear. This study investigated the preventive exercise-induced changes on neuroinflammatory processes in a rat model of PD induced by unilateral striatal injections of 6-hydroxydopamine (6-OHDA). Adult male Wistar rats were divided into two groups: (1) sedentary (SED) or (2) exercised (EX), animals that did treadmill exercise three times per week, every other day, for 4 weeks prior to 6-OHDA or saline injection. The rats were then divided into four sub-groups: (1) sedentary saline (SED), (2) sedentary 6-OHDA (SED + 6-OHDA), (3) exercised saline (EX), and (4) exercised 6-OHDA (EX + 6-OHDA). Seven and 30 days after surgery, brains were collected for immunohistochemistry and immunoblotting for dopaminergic and neuroinflammatory markers into SN and striatum. The SED + 6-OHDA animals presented an increase in the astrocyte, microglial, and oxidative species activation. On the other hand, EX + 6-OHDA animals did not present neuroinflammatory responses and performed better apormorphine test. Our data suggest that treadmill exercise throughout life can markedly reduce the chances of dopamine decrease, reinforcing studies that showed a lower incidence of Parkinson's disease in patients who were active during life.
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