Journal
CURRENT TREATMENT OPTIONS IN ALLERGY
Volume 6, Issue 4, Pages 322-337Publisher
SPRINGERNATURE
DOI: 10.1007/s40521-019-00235-w
Keywords
Allergen; Component-resolved diagnosis; Fish allergy; Food; Parvalbumin
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Funding
- Ministry of Research, Luxembourg
- Fonds National de la Recherche (FNR), Luxembourg [PRIDE/11012546/NEXTIMMUNE]
- Personalized Medicine Consortium Luxembourg
- FCT Foundation for Science and Technology [UID/Multi/04326/2019]
- FCT [SFRH/BD/136319/2018]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [SFRH/BD/136319/2018] Funding Source: FCT
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Purpose of reviewFish is a common elicitor of IgE-mediated food allergy. Fish includes a large variety of foods, in terms of species and food processing, with marked distinction in local diets around the globe. Fish-allergic patients present with phenotypic diversity and major differences in levels of clinical cross-reactivity, features that pose an important challenge for the clinical diagnosis and management.Recent findingsParvalbumin is the major fish allergen. However, a single molecule is not sufficient but several homologs, allergens different from parvalbumin and allergen extracts, are needed for IgE-based diagnosis.SummaryParvalbumin-specific IgE are markers for clinical cross-reactions. Added value is provided by IgE typing to parvalbumin homologs from distantly related fish. IgE co-sensitization profiles (parvalbumin, enolase, aldolase) are referred as severity markers. The allergen panel seems to be not yet complete why fish extracts still play a crucial role in serum IgE analysis. Further clinical validation of a multiplex approach in molecular fish allergy diagnosis is needed for striving to avoid unnecessary food restrictions and in a further sense, improved patient care.
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