Journal
MARINE POLICY
Volume 109, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.marpol.2019.103701
Keywords
Northern abalone; Adaptive co-management; Federal governance; Indigenous governance; Social-ecological resilience; Traditional knowledge
Categories
Funding
- Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council of Canada [D3-409687-2011, RGPIN 385921-2009, 04492-2016]
- Simon Fraser University, Burnaby, BC
- Fisheries and Oceans Canada
- Species at Risk Program [F1580-110010]
- Tula Foundation/Hakai Institute
- Canada Foundation for Innovation [29527-2013]
- Pew Fellowship [15836-2013]
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Small-scale indigenous abalone fisheries on the northwest coast of Canada persisted for at least two millennia prior to modern commercial and recreational fisheries that lasted for four decades before collapsing, causing a coast wide closure that remains today. What traditional governance and stewardship practices fostered resilient fisheries along Canada's northwest coast and how might they inform collaborative institutions that foster ecologically sustainable and socially just coastal fisheries in future? In collaboration with two coastal First Nations, a policy analysis of northern abalone (GaalGuuhlkyan -Skidegate Haida, galgniq -Heiltsuk, Haliotis kamtschatkana) stewardship was conducted to assess where traditional and modern fisheries governance and management aligned or failed to align with seven theoretical principles of social-ecological resilience. The analysis revealed that traditional principles of reciprocity and contingent proprietorship of clan-based fishing areas aligned with resilience principles whereas contemporary centralized decision-making and region-wide management policies did not. Moreover, current issues of power asymmetry and lack of trust need to be addressed to build a future indigenous-state governance approach to coastal fisheries. This research demonstrates how indigenous resource governance and stewardship practices generated over millennia of social learning and experimentation offer insights that could be broadly applied to foster resilient coastal fisheries today.
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