A Survey on Personalized PageRank Computation Algorithms

Personalized PageRank (PPR) is an important variation of PageRank, which is a widely applied popularity measure for Web search. Unlike the original PageRank, PPR is a node proximity measure that represents the degree of closeness among multiple nodes within a graph. It is also widely applied to diverse domains, such as information retrieval, recommendations, and knowledge discovery, due to its theoretical simplicity and flexibility. However, computing PPR in large graphs using naive algorithms such as iterative matrix multiplication and matrix inversion is not fast enough for many of these applications. Therefore, devising efficient PPR algorithms has been one of the most important subjects in large-scale graph processing. In this paper, we review the algorithms for efficient PPR computations, organizing them into five categories based on their core ideas. Along with detailed explanations including recent advances and their applications, we provide a multifaceted comparison of the algorithms.