Journal
CHEMICAL SCIENCE
Volume 10, Issue 44, Pages 10436-10444Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9sc04110a
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Funding
- Climate Change Response Project [NRF-2019M1A2A2065612, 2015M1A2A2074663]
- Basic Science Grant [NRF-2018R1A2A1A05077909]
- Korea Centre for Artificial Photosynthesis (KCAP) [2009-0093880]
- Next Generation Carbon Upcycling Project [2017M1A2A2042517]
- Korea-China Key Joint Research Program - MSIP [2017K2A9A2A11070341]
- MOTIE of Republic of Korea [KIAT N0001754]
- [10050509]
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A simple electrochemical activation treatment is proposed to improve effectively the photoelectrochemical performance of Nb,Sn co-doped hematite nanorods. The activation process involves an initial thrice cathodic scanning (reduction) and a subsequent thrice anodic scanning (oxidation), which modifies both the surface and bulk properties of the Nb,Sn:Fe2O3 photoanode. First, it selectively removes the surface components to different extents endowing the hematite surface with fewer defects and richer Nb-O and Sn-O bonds and thus passivates the surface trap states. The surface passivation effect also enhances the photoelectrochemical stability of the photoanode. Finally, more Fe2+ ions or oxygen vacancies are generated in the bulk of hematite to enhance its conductivity. As a result, the photocurrent density is increased by 62.3% from 1.88 to 3.05 mA cm(-2) at 1.23 V-RHE, the photocurrent onset potential shifts cathodically by similar to 70 mV, and photoelectrochemical stability improves remarkably relative to the pristine photoanode under simulated sunlight (100 mW cm(-2)).
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