Journal
JOURNAL OF MATERIALS CHEMISTRY A
Volume 7, Issue 44, Pages 25650-25656Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9ta08357j
Keywords
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Funding
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [11974303, 11574263, 11674276]
- National Basic Research Program of China [2014CB931702]
- Qinglan Project of Jiangsu Province
- Personnel Plan of Yangzhou University
- Hangzhou Dianzi University
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Solar water splitting to hydrogen (H-2) fuel is considered a sustainable approach to meet green energy demands in the future, but is mainly limited owing to the sluggish hole dynamics involved in the water oxidation reaction and bulk charge separation. Herein, we implemented hole dynamics engineering over cadmium sulfide (CdS) nanoparticles (NPs) via the oxidation reaction substitution with a facile urea oxidation reaction (UOR) and surface conjugation with sulfurous groups (-S/SOx2-) as hole-extraction chains, which thermodynamically reduced the reaction barrier and kinetically accelerated the charge separation concomitantly. We then demonstrated a highly efficient photocatalytic H-2 evolution reaction (HER) from a urea solution with valuable urea degradation. An impressive and stable H-2 generation rate of 1.49 mmol h(-1) g(-1) was achieved under 1 sun irradiation with an apparent quantum yield (AQY) of up to 2.4% at 420 nm. In this study, we designed CdSxO NP photocatalysts to enable hole thermodynamic and kinetic acceleration, which promise a cost-effective and course-smooth solar H-2 production along with urea-rich wastewater purification.
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