Journal
NON-CODING RNA RESEARCH
Volume 4, Issue 1, Pages 23-29Publisher
KEAI PUBLISHING LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.ncrna.2019.01.001
Keywords
circRNA; Non-coding RNA; Brain; Transcriptional regulation; Neurological disease; microRNA
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Funding
- Translational Genomics Research Institute
- Arizona Alzheimer's Disease Core Center through the National Institute on Aging (NIA) of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) [P30AG019610]
- Arizona Department of Health Services [ADHS14-052688]
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Within the last decade, active research on circular RNAs (circRNAs) has dramatically improved our understanding of the expression and function of these non-coding RNAs. While several mechanisms for circRNA function have been proposed, including sequestration of microRNAs and regulation of cellular proteins, studies provide evidence that circRNAs can regulate transcription and may also serve as biomarkers. Due to the heterogeneous nature of the brain, and the dynamic transcriptional mechanisms that support neurobiological pathways, the influence of circRNAs is potentially extensive. Understanding how circRNAs contribute to key neurological pathways will fill gaps in our understanding of brain function and provide valuable insight into novel therapeutic approaches to treat neurological diseases. Here, we review recent research on circRNA expression in the brain, describe the proposed functions of circRNAs, and evaluate the role of circRNAs in neurological diseases.
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