Does Diabetes Self-management Education in Conjunction With Primary Care Improve Glycemic Control in Hispanic Patients?: A Systematic Review and Meta-analysis

Purpose The purpose of this systematic review and meta-analysis is to evaluate the effectiveness of diabetes self-management education (DSME) interventions delivered in conjunction with primary care among Hispanic adults with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Methods A systematic search of PubMed, Cochrane Library, and the Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature identified randomized controlled trials (RCT) that tested the effect of DSME interventions in Hispanic adults with T2DM. Studies reporting hemoglobin A1C (A1C) pre and post intervention or change in A1C were eligible for inclusion in the meta-analysis. Results Of 625 studies identified, 13 RCTs met criteria for inclusion in the systematic review; of these, 11 studies were included in the meta-analysis. The 13 RCTs represent data from 2784 adult Hispanic subjects. DSME interventions (individual, group, telephone/electronic, and multimodal sessions) varied in intensity from 1-time DSME sessions with phone follow-up to contact every 4 to 6 weeks over 5 years. At 6 months following intervention, pooled A1C reduction was -0.25 (95% CI, -0.42 to -0.07), favoring the intervention group. Conclusions DSME in conjunction with primary care is effective in improving glycemic control in Hispanic adults with T2DM. Future comparative effectiveness research is needed to identify best delivery methods to optimize effectiveness of DSME delivered to the Hispanic population.