Journal
NANOSCALE
Volume 11, Issue 43, Pages 20715-20724Publisher
ROYAL SOC CHEMISTRY
DOI: 10.1039/c9nr07091e
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Funding
- Public Service Project of the Chinese Ministry of Land and Resource [201311024]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFB0310805]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC) [51702295, 51702294]
- Fundamental Research Funds for the Central Universities [CUGGC08]
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Developing advanced lithium-ion hybrid capacitors (LIHCs) has a critical challenge of matching kinetics and capacity between the battery-type anode and the capacitive cathode. In this work, a novel dual carbon LIHC configuration is constructed to overcome such a discrepancy. Specifically, hollow nitrogen-doped carbon nanoboxes (HNCNBs) are synthesized by a simple template-assisted strategy. As an anode material (0.01-3 V vs. Li/Li+), the HNCNB electrode exhibits high specific capacity (850 mA h g(-1) at 0.1 A g(-1)) and superior rate capability (321 mA h g(-1) at 20 A g(-1)). After alkaline activation, the HNCNBs become highly porous (PHNCNBs), which offers better capacitance performance within the potential window from 2.5 to 4.5 V (vs. Li/Li+) than commercial activated carbon (AC). Coupling a pre-lithiated HNCNB anode with a PHNCNB cathode forms a dual-carbon LIHC. Since the similar hollow structure in both electrodes could diminish the diffusion distance, the as-prepared HNCNB//PHNCNB LIHC provides high energy densities of 148.5 and 112.1 W h kg(-1) at power densities of 250 and 25000 W kg(-1), respectively, together with long-term cycling stability, which efficiently bridges the gap between supercapacitors and lithium ion batteries. Furthermore, the self-discharge behavior and the temperature-dependent performance are also investigated.
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