Effects of nanomaterials and particles on mechanical properties and fracture toughness of composite materials: a short review

The positive influence of nanomaterials and particles on the behavior of composite material structures have been studied which include the material structural characteristics, manufacturing process, compatibility with the other phases, size, dispersion process, adhesion, etc. The review on the choice of nanomaterials for a specific application and their effects on the bulk materials related to loadings have been overlooked. Thus, this paper reviewed the effects of nanomaterials based on loading conditions, sizes adhesions for the specific category of fillers. It also showed the appropriate filler amount for the enhancement of mechanical properties (i.e. stiffness and strength) and fracture toughness for both interlaminar and intralaminar perspectives. Furthermore, the effects of soft, hard and hybrid fillers were organized to put in evidence how some filler have magnificent effects for specific property enhancements. Moreover, the optimum nanomaterials application related to loading conditions were articulated in order to give a quick suggestion to the structural design engineers and researchers. Finally, the review gives a hint on how the addition of nanofillers and particle affects damage initiations and behavior of fiber reinforced plastic composites.