Journal
JOURNAL OF ORAL SCIENCE
Volume 61, Issue 4, Pages 534-538Publisher
NIHON UNIV, SCHOOL DENTISTRY
DOI: 10.2334/josnusd.18-0458
Keywords
adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells; bone regeneration; critical-size bone defect; dedifferentiated fat cells; recombinant peptide scaffold; type I collagen scaffold
Funding
- JSPS KAKENHI [16K20519]
- MEXT-supported Program for the Strategic Research Foundation at Private Universities [S1411018]
- Nihon University School of Dentistry Sato Funds (2016)
- Nihon University President's Grant for Multidisciplinary Studies (2015-2017)
- Nihon University Chairman of the Board of Trustees Grant (2018-2020)
- Grants-in-Aid for Scientific Research [16K20519] Funding Source: KAKEN
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Tissue engineering is a promising approach to supplement existing treatment strategies for craniofacial bone regeneration. In this study, a type I collagen scaffold made from a recombinant peptide (RCP) with an Arg-Gly-Asp motif was developed, and its effect on regeneration in critical-size mandibular bone defects was evaluated. Additionally, the combined effect of the scaffold and lipid-free dedifferentiated fat (DFAT) cells was assessed. Briefly, DFAT cells were separated from mature adipocytes by using a ceiling culture technique based on buoyancy. A 3 cm x 4 cm critical-size bone defect was created in the rat mandible, and regeneration was evaluated by using RCP with DFAT cells. Then, cultured DFAT cells and adipose-derived stem cells (ASCs) were seeded onto RCP scaffolds (DFAT/RCP and ASC/RCP) and implanted into the bone defects. Micro-computed tomography imaging at 8 weeks after implantation showed significantly greater bone regeneration in the DFAT/RCP group than in the ASC/RCP and RCP-alone groups. Similarly, histological analysis showed significantly greater bone width in the DFAT/RCP group than in the ASC/RCP and RCP-alone groups. These findings suggest that DFAT/RCP is effective for bone formation in critical-size bone defects and that DFAT cells are a promising source for bone regeneration.
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