Journal
ASTROPHYSICAL JOURNAL LETTERS
Volume 887, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
IOP Publishing Ltd
DOI: 10.3847/2041-8213/ab511b
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Funding
- French Centre National d'Etudes Spatiales (CNES)
- NASA through the NICER mission
- NASA through the Astrophysics Explorers Program
- NSF Physics Frontiers Center [1430284]
- Programme National de Cosmologie et Galaxies (PNCG) of CNRS/INSU, France
- Programme National Hautes Energies (PNHE) of CNRS/INSU, France
- Programme National Gravitation, References, Astronomie, Metrologie (PNGRAM) of CNRS/INSU, France
- Programme National High Energies (PNHE) of CNRS/INSU
- INP
- IN2P3
- CEA
- CNES
- STFC [ST/R00045X/1] Funding Source: UKRI
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The Neutron star Interior Composition Explorer observed several rotation-powered millisecond pulsars (MSPs) to search for or confirm the presence of X-ray pulsations. When broad and sine-like, these pulsations may indicate thermal emission from hot polar caps at the magnetic poles on the neutron star surface. We report confident detections (>= 4.7 sigma after background filtering) of X-ray pulsations for five of the seven pulsars in our target sample: PSR J0614-3329, PSR J0636+5129, PSR J0751+1807, PSR J1012+5307, and PSR J2241-5236, while PSR J1552+5437 and PSR J1744-1134 remain undetected. Of those, only PSR J0751+1807 and PSR J1012+5307 had pulsations previously detected at the 1.7 sigma and almost 3 sigma confidence levels, respectively, in XMM-Newton data. All detected sources exhibit broad sine-like pulses, which are indicative of surface thermal radiation. As such, these MSPs are promising targets for future X-ray observations aimed at constraining the neutron star mass-radius relation and the dense matter equation of state using detailed pulse profile modeling. Furthermore, we find that three of the detected MSPs exhibit a significant phase offset between their X-ray and radio pulses.
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