Journal
DEVELOPMENTAL AND COMPARATIVE IMMUNOLOGY
Volume 49, Issue 2, Pages 313-322Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.dci.2014.11.021
Keywords
Crustin; Whey acidic protein domain (WAP); Antimicrobial peptides (AMPs); Phagocytosis; Marsupenaeus japonicus; Innate immunity
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Funding
- National Basic Research Program of China (973 Program) [2012CB114405]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [31130056]
- Ph.D. Programs Foundation of the Ministry of Education of China [20110131130003]
- Provincial Natural Science Foundation of Shandong, China [ZR2011CM014]
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Crustins are cationic cysteine-rich antimicrobial peptides (AMPS) that contain multiple domains (glycine-rich, cysteine-rich, or proline-rich) at the N-terminus and whey acidic protein (WAP) domains at the C-terminus. Crustins haVe multiple functions, including protease inhibition and antimicrobial activity. Other functions of crustins need to be clarified. In this study, a novel crustin with a cysteine-rich region, and a single WAP domain, belonging to type I crustins, was identified in Marsupenaeus japonicus and designated as MjCru I-1. MjCru I-1 was expressed in various tissues. The expression of MjCru I-1 was upregulated in the hemocytes of shrimp challenged with bacteria. MjCru I-1 could bind to bacteria by binding to the cell wall molecules of the bacteria, such as lipopolysaccharide (LPS), peptidoglycan (PGN), and lipoteichoic acid (LTA). The synthesized WAP domain of MjCru I-1 but not synthesized Cys-rich domain has antibacterial and agglutinative activities. Scanning electron microscope assay showed that the bacterial cells treated with sMjCru I-1 appeared to be disrupted and cracked compared with those of the control samples. The knockdown of MjCru I-1 could reduce bacterial clearance and injection of MjCru I-1 could significantly increase the survival rate of shrimp infected with Vibrio anguillarum and Staphylococcus aureus compared with those of the control samples. Further study discovered that MjCru I-1 could increase the hemocyte phagocytosis against V. anguillarum and S. aureus. These results suggest that MjCru I-1 has dual functions, bactericidal and phagocytosis promoting activities, in the antibacterial immunity of shrimp. (C) 2014 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.
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