Journal
ARCHIVES OF BIOCHEMISTRY AND BIOPHYSICS
Volume 676, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCIENCE INC
DOI: 10.1016/j.abb.2019.108128d
Keywords
Thermodynamics; Kinetics; Bioenergetics; Proton motive force; Aerobic respiration; Chemiosmosis; Murburn concept; Trans-membrane potential; Mitochondrial complexes; ROS
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Since mid-1970s, the proton-centric proposal of 'chemiosmosis' became the acclaimed explanation for aerobic respiration. Recently, significant theoretical and experimental evidence were presented for an oxygen-centric 'murburn' mechanism of mitochondrial ATP-synthesis. Herein, we compare the predictive capabilities of the two models with respect to the available information on mitochondrial reaction chemistry and the membrane proteins' structure-function correlations. Next, fundamental queries are addressed on thermodynamics of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation (mOxPhos): (1) Can the energy of oxygen reduction be utilized for proton transport? (2) Is the transmembrane proton differential harness-able as a potential energy capable of doing useful work? and (3) Whether the movement of miniscule amounts of mitochondrial protons could give rise to a potential of similar to 200mV and if such an electrical energy could sponsor ATP-synthesis. Further, we explore critically if rotary ATPsynthase activity of Complex V can account for physiological ATP-turnovers. We also answer the question- What is the role of protons in the oxygen-centric murburn scheme of aerobic respiration? Finally, it is demonstrated that the murburn reaction model explains the fast kinetics, non-integral stoichiometry and high yield of mOxPhos. Strategies are charted to further demarcate the two explanations' relevance in the cellular physiology of aerobic respiration.
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