Journal
JOURNAL OF GEOTECHNICAL AND GEOENVIRONMENTAL ENGINEERING
Volume 143, Issue 12, Pages -Publisher
ASCE-AMER SOC CIVIL ENGINEERS
DOI: 10.1061/(ASCE)GT.1943-5606.0001806
Keywords
Carbonate precipitation; Denitrification; Liquefaction; Microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP); Soil improvement
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) Geomechanics and Geosystems Engineering and Engineering Research Center programs [CMMI-1233658, ERC-1449501]
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This paper focuses on the potential for microbially induced carbonate precipitation (MICP) via dissimilatory reduction of nitrogen, or denitrification, to mitigate the potential for earthquake-induced soil liquefaction. Denitrification has the potential to provide mitigation of earthquake-induced soil liquefaction as a two-stage process referred to by the authors as microbially induced desaturation and precipitation (MIDP). In MIDP, desaturation provides mitigation in Stage 1 and MICP provides mitigation in Stage 2. Denitrifying bacteria, when stimulated, have the ability to rapidly desaturate a saturated soil via gas production, thereby significantly increasing the cyclic resistance of the soil. However, because this desaturated condition may not last indefinitely, desaturation is only relied upon to provide temporary mitigation in MIDP. In Stage 2 of MIDP, interparticle cementation, void filling, and particle roughening as a result of MICP significantly improve the strength, stiffness, dilatant behavior, and cyclic strength of the soil, thereby providing long-term liquefaction mitigation (i.e., after denitrification has ceased). This paper describes the use of MICP via denitrification for the long-term mitigation of earthquake-induced liquefaction. Desaturation via denitrification for the short-term mitigation of liquefaction potential is presented in a companion paper. (C) 2017 American Society of Civil Engineers.
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