Impact Analysis of V2G Services on EV Battery Degradation - A Review

Due to their promising feature in reducing greenhouse gas emissions, electric vehicles (EVs) have received overwhelming support in recent decades. One of the compelling ideas is that EVs serve as distributed energy storage and provide ancillary services to the electricity grid. From the concept to deployment, thorough research is required from the respective of technology, economics and policy. This paper gives a review of research works in terms of vehicle-to-grid (V2G) impacts on battery degradation. Battery degradation mechanisms and main stress factors are briefly summarized. Commonly used degradation models, classified as theoretical models, empirical models and semi-empirical models are reviewed in terms of mathematical expressions, advantages and disadvantages. Suitable applications of different models are highlighted. Based on the review of studies on V2G impacts on battery degradation, conclusions from current research and remarks for future work are given in this paper.