Journal
JOURNAL OF FOOD SCIENCE
Volume 82, Issue 5, Pages 1264-1270Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.13695
Keywords
Caco-2; ginger extract; gut inflammation; intestinal barrier function; NF-kappa B
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Funding
- Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning (Korea
- Biosynergy Research) [2012M3A9C4048761]
- Ministry of Science, ICT, and Future Planning ( Basic Science Research Program of the National Research Foundation of Korea) [2013R1A1A1005859]
- National Research Foundation of Korea [2013R1A1A1005859, 2012M3A9C4048761] Funding Source: Korea Institute of Science & Technology Information (KISTI), National Science & Technology Information Service (NTIS)
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The beneficial effects of ginger in the management of gastrointestinal disturbances have been reported. In this study, the anti-inflammatory potential of ginger extract was assessed in a cellular model of gut inflammation. In addition, the effects of ginger extract and its major active compounds on intestinal barrier function were evaluated. The response of Caco-2 cells following exposure to a mixture of inflammatory mediators [interleukin [IL]-1 beta, 25 ng/mL; lipopolysaccharides [LPS], 10 ng/mL; tumor necrosis factor [TNF]-alpha, 50 ng/mL; and interferon [INF]-gamma, 50 ng/mL] were assessed by measuring the levels of secreted IL-6 and IL-8. In addition, the mRNA levels of cyclooxygenase-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase were measured. Moreover, the degree of nuclear factor (NF)-kappa B inhibition was examined, and the intestinal barrier function was determined by measuring the transepithelial electrical resistance (TEER) and fluorescein isothiocyanate (FITC)-dextran transfer. It was observed that ginger extract and its constituents improved inflammatory responses by decreasing the levels of nitrite, PGE2, IL-6, and IL-8 via NF-kappa B inhibition. The ginger extract also increased the TEER and decreased the transfer of FITC-dextran from the apical side of the epithelium to the basolateral side. Taken together, these results show that ginger extract may be developed as a functional food for the maintenance of gastrointestinal health.
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