Journal
JOURNAL OF FOOD COMPOSITION AND ANALYSIS
Volume 59, Issue -, Pages 35-42Publisher
ACADEMIC PRESS INC ELSEVIER SCIENCE
DOI: 10.1016/j.jfca.2017.02.003
Keywords
Salicorniaceae; Arthrocnemum macrostachyum; Nutritional evaluation; Proximate composition; Antioxidant activity; Phenolic compounds; Tocopherols; Food analysis; Food composition
Categories
Funding
- XtremeBio project - Portuguese Foundation for Science and Technology (FCT) [PTDC/MAR-EST/4346/2012]
- XtremeGourmet project from the Portuguese National Budget [ALG-01-0247-FEDER-017676]
- FCT Investigator Programme [IF/00049/2012]
- FCT project [CCMAR/Multi/04326/2013]
- [FCTFRH/BD/105541/2014]
- Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia [PTDC/MAR-EST/4346/2012] Funding Source: FCT
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Although little is known about their nutritional composition, Sarcocornia perennis subsp. perennis, S. perennis subsp. alpini and Salicornia ramosissima (Salicorniaceae) as well as Arthrocnemum macro-stachyum (Amaranthaceae) are consumed in gourmet cuisine. In spite of belonging to different families, these halophytes share morphological and organoleptic characteristics. This work explored the nutritional properties and the antioxidant potential of these species using five integrative methods. All species had a nutritional profile suitable for human consumption with high levels of protein (5.20-13.2 g/100 g dw) and n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (FA), particularly or alpha-linolenic acid (19.3-25.9% of total FA), and low concentration of toxic metals (below the limits imposed by the European Commission). These halophytes are also a good source of minerals, particularly sodium (64.1-109 mg/gdw), and S. ramosissima is an excellent source of manganese (204 mu g/g dw). However, due care should be taken not to exceed the legal limits for sodium ingestion. These plants showed also significant antioxidant potential, with high radical scavenging activity (RSA), iron reducing power and total phenolics content (20.5-49.2 mg GAE/g). A. macrostachyum had the highest RSA (lC(50-DPPH) = 0.84 mg/mL; IC50-NO = 0.60 mg/mL), and iron reducing potential (IC50= 0.84 mg/mL) along with high levels of alpha- and gamma-tocopherol (8.74 and 4.71 mg/100 g dw, respectively). (C) 2017 Elsevier Inc. All rights reserved.
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