Protective effects of Stachys sieboldii MIQ extract in SK-N-SH cells and its memory ameliorative effect in mice

This work aims to evaluate the potential effect of Stachys sieboldii MIQ (SS) against oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) in SK-N-SH cells and memory enhancement in ICR mice using the passive avoidance test. The effect of SS in cell proliferation was measured by BrdU incorporation assay with dosages of SS from 0 to 2 mg/mL. SS partially antagonized the effect of 150 M H2O2 on cell proliferation. In vivo study, SS (100, 250, and 500 mg/kg) was administered orally to mice for 4 weeks. SS led to a significantly longer step-through latency time compared to control mice. Memory enhancing effect of SS (500 mg/kg) was also observed in amnesia model, SS escalate the fear memory (p<.05), increase acetylcholine and choline acetyl transferase level in hippocampus and cortex than nontreated group. These results suggest that SS can be used to manage memory related disorders in animals. Practical applicationsAcetylcholine is a cholinergic neurotransmitter known for its various medicinal properties, reducing dementia, depression, cancer, inflammation, and is also required to build muscles in the human body. Hence, the development of a choline-rich source is of great interest. SS is a good source for vitamins especially vitamin B complex, which is a major precursor for choline synthesis in human. Therefore, this study investigates the memory enhancement effects of Stachys sieboldii MIQ (SS), a choline-rich plant, in SK-N-SH cells and an in vivo animal model. SK-N-SH cells and mice treated with SS exhibited memory ameliorative effects. This study sheds light on using plant-based products as potential functional foods and nutraceuticals for cognition improvement. The results of this study could serve as a foundation for further research on SS extract as a source of choline and promotes the consumption of Stachys sieboldii on a large scale.