Journal
JOURNAL OF FISH DISEASES
Volume 40, Issue 9, Pages 1195-1212Publisher
WILEY
DOI: 10.1111/jfd.12594
Keywords
Atlantic salmon; cataract; histidine; smoltification; temperature; triploid
Funding
- Fiskeri- og Havbruksnaeringens Forskningsfond project (FHF) 'Solving Bottlenecks in Triploid Salmon Production - A Way to Strengthen the Sustainability of the Salmon Aquaculture Industry' from the Research Council of Norway (NRC) [900723, 216197]
- University of Bergen
- Cargill Aqua Nutrition, Norway
- research group Reproduction and developmental biology, Havforskningsinstituttet
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The aim of the present study was to investigate cataract development in diploid (2N) and triploid (3N) Atlantic salmon smolts and post-smolts at two water temperatures (10 and 16 degrees C) given diets with different histidine supplementation (LH, 10.4 and HH, 13.1gkg(-1)) before and after seawater transfer. In freshwater, a severe cataract outbreak was recorded in both ploidies reared at 16 degrees C. The cataract score was significantly higher in triploids compared to diploids, and the severity was lower in both ploidies fed the HH diet. The cataract development at 10 degrees C was minor. Low gill Na+, K+-ATPase activity in fish reared at 16 degrees C before seawater transfer was followed by osmoregulatory stress with elevated plasma electrolyte concentrations and high mortality in sea water. Both diploids and triploids reared at 10 degrees C developed cataracts during the seawater period, with higher severities in triploids than diploids and a reduced severity in the fish fed the HH diet. The findings of this study demonstrate the importance of environmental conditions in the husbandry of Atlantic salmon, and particularly triploids, with regard to smoltification and adjusted diets to mitigate cataract development in fresh and sea water.
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