Journal
JOURNAL OF EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY
Volume 68, Issue 7, Pages 1769-1783Publisher
OXFORD UNIV PRESS
DOI: 10.1093/jxb/erx060
Keywords
Arabidopsis; flagellin; flg22; FLS2; long-distance traffic; peptide; Pseudomonas syringae; receptor-mediated endocytosis; transport
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Funding
- DOE-BER [ERKP417]
- NSF [IOS-1456904]
- US Department of Energy [DE-AC0500OR22725]
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems
- Direct For Biological Sciences [1456904] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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Diverse pathogen-derived molecules, such as bacterial flagellin and its conserved peptide flg22, are recognized in plants via plasma membrane receptors and induce both local and systemic immune responses. The fate of such ligands was unknown: whether and by what mechanism(s) they enter plant cells and whether they are transported to distal tissues. We used biologically active fluorophore and radiolabeled peptides to establish that flg22 moves to distal organs with the closest vascular connections. Remarkably, entry into the plant cell via endocytosis together with the FLS2 receptor is needed for delivery to vascular tissue and long-distance transport of flg22. This contrasts with known routes of long distance transport of other non-cell-permeant molecules in plants, which require membrane-localized transporters for entry to vascular tissue. Thus, a plasma membrane receptor acts as a transporter to enable access of its ligand to distal trafficking routes.
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