Dynamic Antisolvent Engineering for Spin Coating of 10 x 10 cm2 Perovskite Solar Module Approaching 18%

Perovskite solar cells represent a promising photovoltaic technology, which achieves record power conversion efficiencies over 24%. However, a problem on the commercial processing is the unavoidable efficiency loss during the scalable fabrication of perovskite solar module. The efficient and reliable fabrications of high-quality large-area perovskite films guarantee commercialized up-scaling of perovskite solar cells with high efficiency. Herein, a simple dynamic antisolvent quenching (DAS) process is presented to understand large-area uniform perovskite films to obtain an efficient perovskite solar module. This method provides a facile and universal approach to fabricate cracks-free and uniform large-area mixed-cation perovskite films. A champion module device (10 x 10 cm(2)) with efficiency of 17.82% (another module with certified efficiency of 17.4%) is obtained using DAS process.