Journal
JOURNAL OF COMPOSITE MATERIALS
Volume 52, Issue 2, Pages 197-206Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS LTD
DOI: 10.1177/0021998317704709
Keywords
Piezoelectric sensor; 3D printing; solvent-casting; thermal poling; polyvinylidene fluoride; BaTiO3
Categories
Funding
- National Science Foundation (NSF) under NSF-PREM Grant [DMR-1205302]
- Division Of Materials Research
- Direct For Mathematical & Physical Scien [1205302] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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This paper presents a fabrication process to enhance homogeneous dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in polyvinylidene fluoride matrix nanocomposites using fused deposition modeling (FDM) 3D printing technique. The nanocomposites integrate the functional property (piezoelectric, pyroelectric, and dielectric) of BaTiO3 with the flexibility and lightweight of polyvinylidene fluoride. Traditionally, the simple yet effective way to fabricate the nanocomposites includes solvent-casting, spin-coating, and hot-embossing. However, these methods have disadvantages such as heterogeneous dispersion of BaTiO3 nanoparticles in polyvinylidene fluoride matrix due to the higher density of BaTiO3 compared with polyvinylidene fluoride and agglomeration during fabrication process. This heterogeneous dispersion could weaken functional and mechanical properties. Herein, fused deposition modeling 3D printing technique was utilized for homogeneous dispersion to alleviate the agglomeration of BaTiO3 in polyvinylidene fluoride through two processes: filament extrusion and 3D printing. In addition, thermal poling was applied to further enhance piezoelectric response of the BaTiO3/polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites. It is found that 3D printed BaTiO3/polyvinylidene fluoride nanocomposites exhibit three times higher piezoelectric response than solvent-casted nanocomposites.
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