Journal
JOURNAL OF COMPARATIVE PHYSIOLOGY A-NEUROETHOLOGY SENSORY NEURAL AND BEHAVIORAL PHYSIOLOGY
Volume 204, Issue 1, Pages 81-92Publisher
SPRINGER HEIDELBERG
DOI: 10.1007/s00359-017-1215-3
Keywords
Social behavior; Endocrine system; Neuromuscular; Skeletal muscle; Birds
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Funding
- NSF [IOS-0646459, IOS-1655730]
- Wake Forest University
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Division Of Integrative Organismal Systems [1147288] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
- Direct For Biological Sciences
- Div Of Biological Infrastructure [1457541] Funding Source: National Science Foundation
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The masculine reproductive phenotype varies significantly across vertebrates. As a result, biologists have long recognized that many of the mechanisms that support these phenotypes-particularly the androgenic system-is evolutionarily labile, and thus susceptible to the effects of selection for different traits. However, exactly how androgenic signaling systems vary in a way which results in dramatically different functional outputs, remain largely unclear. We explore this topic here by outlining four key-but non-mutually exclusive-hypotheses that propose how the mechanisms of androgenic signaling might change over time to potentiate the emergence of phenotypical variation in masculine behavior and physiology. We anchor this framework in a review of our own studies of a tropical bird called the golden-collared manakin (Manacus vitellinus), which has evolved an exaggerated acrobatic courtship display that is heavily androgen-dependent. The result is an example of how the cellular basis of androgenic action can be modified to support a unique reproductive repertoire. We end this review by highlighting a broad pathway forward to further pursue the intricate ways by which the mechanisms of hormone action evolve to support processes of adaptation and animal design.
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