Journal
SOLAR RRL
Volume 4, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
WILEY-V C H VERLAG GMBH
DOI: 10.1002/solr.201900499
Keywords
electron transfer layers; low-temperature WOx; perovskite solar cells
Funding
- NSFC-Guangdong Joint Fund [U1801256]
- National Key R&D Program of China [2016YFA0201002]
- NSFC [51803064, 51571094, 51431006, 51561135014]
- Guangdong Provincial Foundation [2016KQNCX035]
- Program for Chang Jiang Scholars and Innovative Research Teams in Universities [IRT_17R40]
- Guangdong Innovative Research Team Program [2013C102]
- Guangdong Provincial Engineering Technology Research Center for Transparent Conductive Materials
- National Center for International Research on Green Optoelectronics (IrGO)
- MOE International Laboratory for Optical Information Technologies
- 111 Project
- Guangdong Innovative and Entrepreneurial Team Program [2016ZT06C517]
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Low-temperature, solution-processed metal oxides are of great interest as alternative materials for electron transport layers in perovskite solar cells. WOx is a promising candidate that could truly enable low-temperature (<100 degrees C) processing. However, its amorphous-state form typically obtained with the solution process suffers from high defect density. This causes large charge recombination, and consequently significant deterioration of the solar cell efficiency. Herein, an ultra-low-temperature processed (50 degrees C) nanocrystalline WOx as the electron transport layer, free of this problem, is demonstrated. This material is obtained by the reaction of tungsten chloride with hexanol, which induces transformation of the precursor solution into stable colloidal particles. The best solar cell, with the WOx electron transport layer, achieved an efficiency of 20.77%, which is a record performance for this class of perovskite solar cells.
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