Journal
LAND USE POLICY
Volume 91, Issue -, Pages -Publisher
ELSEVIER SCI LTD
DOI: 10.1016/j.landusepol.2019.104370
Keywords
Land reclamation; Urban ocean sprawl; Habitat degradation; InVEST model; Shanghai
Categories
Funding
- National Key R&D Program of China [2017YFC1503001]
- National Natural Science Foundation of China [41771119, 41701186]
- Research Fund of the Geological Mineral Resources and Environmental Exploration Program [DD20190463]
- Laboratory of Marine Ecosystem and Biogeochemistry [MEB201713]
- Institute of Eco-Chongming (IEC)
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Coastal land reclamation is one of the major human interventions in the coastal areas, it is a process undergo in many parts of the world. Land reclamation supplies land for development with urgent needs for coastal cities, and creates the opportunity for rapid urbanization, however, it also influences the integrity of the coastal ecosystem and results in a decline in biodiversity and ecosystem services. Over-exploitation and unreasonable use of coastal land has been a major issue and became a threat to ecological security in China. This paper analyzed the coastal land expansion and utilization process from 1980 to 2015 in Shanghai through remote sensing image processing and field investigations. The process of land reclamation in Shanghai and the effect of land use transformation on natural wetlands and the quality of the natural habitat are explored by analyzing land use and land cover change and modeling ecosystem services change by Integrated valuation of ecosystem services and tradeoffs (InVEST) model. The results show that the urban 'ocean sprawl' in Shanghai has increased by similar to 10 % from 1980 to 2015 which transformed natural wetlands into construction land significantly. Despite strict control over the quality of reclamation projects and appropriate compensation with artificial wetlands, the natural habitat damage caused by reclamation increases exponentially in the past few decades. Recently the policies have changed from encouraging human reclamation to prohibit all kinds of land reclamation programs from national to local scales. It has major policy implications for future coastal habitat conservation. This paper gives an overview of the land reclamation in Shanghai and its impact on natural habitat that can foster the related policies to promote healthier and more reasonable urbanization during the economic transformation.
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