Journal
JOURNAL OF AMERICAN COLLEGE HEALTH
Volume 68, Issue 7, Pages 788-793Publisher
ROUTLEDGE JOURNALS, TAYLOR & FRANCIS LTD
DOI: 10.1080/07448481.2019.1709476
Keywords
Alveolar bone loss; cigarette smoking; electronic nicotine delivery systems; periodontal attachment loss; surveys and questionnaires
Funding
- Deanship of scientific research at King Saud University [RGP-1438-024]
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Objective: The aim was to compare the self-rated oral symptoms (OS) and clinical and radiographic periodontal status among cigarette smokers and electronic nicotine delivery systems (ENDS) users. Participants: Self-reported cigarette smokers and electronic cigarette and JUUL users were included. Methods: Self-rated OS and demographic data were recorded. Clinical attachment loss (AL), plaque index (PI), probing depth (PD), number of missing teeth, and bleeding on probing (BOP) were determined. p ValuesResults: Bad breath (p<.001) and pain in gums (p<.001) were more often reported by cigarette-smokers than ENDS users. Compared with never-smokers, pain in teeth (p<.001), bad-breath (p<.001), and pain in gums (p<.001) were higher among cigarette smokers. There was no significant difference in pain in teeth, bleeding gums, bad breath, and pain in gums when JUUL users were compared with never-smokers and electronic cigarette users. PI (p<.05) and PD (p<.05) were increased in cigarette smokers than ENDS users and never-smokers. Conclusions: Pain in teeth and gums are more often perceived by cigarette smokers than electronic cigarette and JUUL users and never-smokers.
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