Journal
JOURNAL OF CLINICAL INVESTIGATION
Volume 127, Issue 7, Pages 2842-2854Publisher
AMER SOC CLINICAL INVESTIGATION INC
DOI: 10.1172/JCI90152
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Funding
- European Commission
- Marie-Curie-Sklodowska Individual Fellowship [655598]
- German Research Fund (DFG) [4856/1-1]
- German Academic Exchange Service DAAD
- Institute of Comparative Molecular Endocrinology (University of Ulm)
- NIH [UC4 DK104155, AG050135]
- Juvenile Diabetes Research Foundation [47-2013-520]
- CNRS
- Universite de Strasbourg
- Laboratoire d'Excellence (LABEX) [ANR-10-LABX-0034_Medalis]
- Glenn Foundation Award for Research in the Biological Mechanisms of Aging
- National Cancer Institute (NCI), NIH, Comprehensive Cancer Center Support [CI P30 CA014520-UW]
- Marie Curie Actions (MSCA) [655598] Funding Source: Marie Curie Actions (MSCA)
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The quantity and activation state of adipose tissue macrophages (ATMs) impact the development of obesity-induced metabolic diseases. Appetite-controlling hormones play key roles in obesity; however, our understanding of their effects on ATMs is limited. Here, we have shown that human and mouse ATMs express NPFFR2, a receptor for the appetite-reducing neuropeptide FF (NPFF), and that NPFFR2 expression is upregulated by IL-4, an M2-polarizing cytokine. Plasma levels of NPFF decreased in obese patients and high-fat diet-fed mice and increased following caloric restriction. NPFF promoted M2 activation and increased the proliferation of murine and human ATMs. Both M2 activation and increased ATM proliferation were abolished in NPFFR2-deficient ATMs. Mechanistically, the effects of NPFF involved the suppression of E3 ubiquitin ligase RNF128 expression, resulting in enhanced stability of phosphorylated STAT6 and increased transcription of the M2 macrophage-associated genes IL-4 receptor alpha (Il4ra), arginase 1 (Arg1), IL-10 (Il10), and alkylglycerol monooxygenase (Agmo). NPFF induced ATM proliferation concomitantly with the increase in N-Myc downstream-regulated gene 2 (Ndrg2) expression and suppressed the transcription of Ifi200 cell-cycle inhibitor family members and MAF bZIP transcription factor B (Mafb), a negative regulator of macrophage proliferation. NPFF thus plays an important role in supporting healthy adipose tissue via the maintenance of metabolically beneficial ATMs.
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