A novel design for clean and economical manufacturing new nano-porous zeolite based adsorbent by alkali cement kiln dust for lead uptake from wastewater

Cement kiln dust is categorized as hazardous solid waste which contains the high level of environmentally toxic materials. This article provides a detailed relationship between the composition and characteristics of nano-structured zeolite based adsorbent containing cement kiln dust for removal of lead from wastewater. An experimental theoretical study was presented on efficiency and strength distribution. The powder compositions were prepared according to the statistical mixture design algorithm and then were formed by a single screw extrusion as hallow cylinders in semi-industrial scale. The strength of calcined specimens was measured to evaluate the ability of adsorbents in aggressive environments. This evaluation is important due to predicting lifetime. By developing the application of cement kiln dust in the wastewater treatment, a special attention has been paid in screening strength distributions in second step by normal and Weibull distributions to achieve reliable design in manufacturing nano-porous adsorbent. The results were analyzed by the Akaike information criterion and Anderson Darling test to obtain the suitable function for estimation of failure. Although, Weibull distribution provides the reliable method for prediction of zeolite-bentonite-kaolin adsorbent fracture, it was shown that the normal distribution is preferable to fit the strength data of cement kiln dust-rich adsorbents according to Akaike information criterion. The maximum sorption capacities were found to be 93.0 and 90.0 mg g(-1), for normal and modified zeolite based adsorbents. In comparison to nano structured zeolite based adsorbents, cement kiln dust can be used as a raw material for production of economically valuable adsorbents which is not only cost-effective, but it also reduces the environmental risk. (C) 2016 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.