Journal
ANTIBIOTICS-BASEL
Volume 9, Issue 1, Pages -Publisher
MDPI
DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics9010036
Keywords
multidrug-resistant bacteria; colloidal silver; Gram-negative bacteria; Gram-positive bacteria
Categories
Funding
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, y Universidades [PI16/01378, PI16/01306, CP15/000132]
- Plan Nacional de I+D+i 2013-2016
- Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, y Universidades, Spanish Network for Research in Infectious Diseases [RD16/0016/0009]
- European Development Regional Fund AWay to Achieve Europe, Operative Program Intelligent Growth 2014-2020
- Subprograma Miguel Servet Tipo I, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, y Universidades, Spain [CP15/00132]
- Subprograma Rio Hortega, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Subdireccion General de Redes y Centros de Investigacion Cooperativa, Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovacion, y Universidades, Spain [CM18/00122]
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Due to the emergence of antimicrobial resistance, new alternative therapies are needed. Silver was used to treat bacterial infections since antiquity due to its known antimicrobial properties. Here, we aimed to evaluate the in vitro activity of colloidal silver (CS) against multidrug-resistant (MDR) Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria. A total of 270 strains (Acinetobacter baumannii (n = 45), Pseudomonas aeruginosa (n = 25), Escherichia coli (n = 79), Klebsiella pneumoniae (n = 58)], Staphylococcus aureus (n = 34), Staphylococcus epidermidis (n = 14), and Enterococcus species (n = 15)) were used. The minimal inhibitory concentration (MIC) of CS was determined for all strains by using microdilution assay, and time-kill curve assays of representative reference and MDR strains of these bacteria were performed. Membrane permeation and bacterial reactive oxygen species (ROS) production were determined in presence of CS. CS MIC90 was 4-8 mg/L for all strains. CS was bactericidal, during 24 h, at 1x and 2x MIC against Gram-negative bacteria, and at 2x MIC against Gram-positive bacteria, and it did not affect their membrane permeabilization. Furthermore, we found that CS significantly increased the ROS production in Gram-negative with respect to Gram-positive bacteria at 24 h of incubation. Altogether, these results suggest that CS could be an effective treatment for infections caused by MDR Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacteria.
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