Journal
PHYSICAL REVIEW D
Volume 101, Issue 4, Pages -Publisher
AMER PHYSICAL SOC
DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevD.101.044051
Keywords
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Funding
- NASA [NNX16AB98G, 80NSSC17M0041]
- Spanish Ministerio de Educacion y Ciencia [FIS2015-3454]
- Fundacion Seneca (CARM Murcia) [PI2019-2356B]
- COST Action GWverse [CA16104]
- COST Action PHAROS [CA16214]
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Black hole spectroscopy, i.e., the identification of quasinormal mode frequencies via gravitational wave observations, is a powerful technique for testing the general relativistic nature of black holes. In theories of gravity beyond general relativity, perturbed black holes are typically described by a set of coupled wave equations for the tensorial field and the extra scalar/vector degrees of freedom, thus leading to a theory-specific quasinormal mode spectrum. In this paper we use the eikonal/geometric optics approximation to obtain analytic formulas for the frequency and damping rate of the fundamental quasinormal mode of a generalized, theory-agnostic system of equations describing coupled scalar-tensor perturbations of spherically symmetric black holes. Representing an extension of our recent work, the present model includes a massive scalar field, couplings through the field derivatives and first-order frame-dragging rotational corrections. Moving away from spherical symmetry, we consider the simple model of the scalar wave equation in a general stationary-axisymmetric spacetime and use the eikonal approximation to compute the quasinormal modes associated with equatorial and nonequatorial photon rings.
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