Journal
JOURNAL OF CEREBRAL BLOOD FLOW AND METABOLISM
Volume 38, Issue 4, Pages 719-726Publisher
SAGE PUBLICATIONS INC
DOI: 10.1177/0271678X17737984
Keywords
Cerebrospinal fluid; interstitial fluid; subarachnoid space; paravascular space; intracranial pressure; fluid dynamics
Categories
Funding
- Internationale Stichting Alzheimer Onderzoek (ISAO)
- European Union [606998]
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Clearance of waste products from the brain is of vital importance. Recent publications suggest a potential clearance mechanism via paravascular channels around blood vessels. Arterial pulsations might provide the driving force for paravascular flow, but its flow pattern remains poorly characterized. In addition, the relationship between paravascular flow around leptomeningeal vessels and penetrating vessels is unclear. In this study, we determined blood flow and diameter pulsations through a thinned-skull cranial window. We observed that microspheres moved preferentially in the paravascular space of arteries rather than in the adjacent subarachnoid space or around veins. Paravascular flow was pulsatile, generated by the cardiac cycle, with net antegrade flow. Confocal imaging showed microspheres distributed along leptomeningeal arteries, while their presence along penetrating arteries was limited to few vessels. These data suggest that paravascular spaces around leptomeningeal arteries form low resistance pathways on the surface of the brain that facilitate cerebrospinal fluid flow.
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