Journal
JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL CHEMISTRY
Volume 292, Issue 19, Pages 8048-8058Publisher
AMER SOC BIOCHEMISTRY MOLECULAR BIOLOGY INC
DOI: 10.1074/jbc.M117.781559
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Funding
- Czech Science Foundation [16-34825L, 16-05919S, 13-18051P]
- Czech Health Research Council [16-30782A]
- Research concept of the Institute of Microbiology v.v.i. [RVO61388971]
- Ministry of Education, Youth and Sports of the Czech Republic [CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0055, CZ.1.07/2.3.00/30.0003]
- European Regional Development Fund Project BIOCEV-Biotechnology and Biomedicine Centre of the Academy of Sciences and Charles University [CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0109]
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Changes in environmental temperature represent one of the major stresses faced by microorganisms as they affect the function of the cytoplasmic membrane. In this study, we have analyzed the thermal adaptation in two closely related respiratory pathogens Bordetella pertussis and Bordetella bronchiseptica. Although B. pertussis represents a pathogen strictly adapted to the human body temperature, B. bronchiseptica causes infection in a broad range of animals and survives also outside of the host. We applied GC-MS to determine the fatty acids of both Bordetella species grown at different temperatures and analyzed the membrane fluidity by fluorescence anisotropy measurement. In parallel, we also monitored the effect of growth temperature changes on the expression and production of several virulence factors. In response to low temperatures, B. pertussis adapted its fatty acid composition and membrane fluidity to a considerably lesser extent when compared with B. bronchiseptica. Remarkably, B. pertussis maintained the production of virulence factors at 24 degrees C, whereas B. bronchiseptica cells resumed the production only upon temperature upshift to 37 degrees C. This growth temperature-associated differential modulation of virulence factor production was linked to the phosphorylation state of transcriptional regulator BvgA. The observed differences in low-temperature adaptation between B. pertussis and B. bronchiseptica may result from selective adaptation of B. pertussis to the human host. We propose that the reduced plasticity of the B. pertussis membranes ensures sustained production of virulence factors at suboptimal temperatures and may play an important role in the transmission of the disease.
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